>>160203 (me)
apologies, didn't address the last point well at all
dictatorship traditionally arises in response to highly ineffective elite rule
the leader (president, prime minister, what have you) often acts as a check on oligarchic bodies
when they cause more problems than they can solve, the power of the leader can be expanded (through various means, usually antagonistic) in an attempt to resolve this
as to why this happens, elites tend to disproportionately represent certain sections of society which have narrow interests, and thus they tend to be very ineffective at responding to certain crises
for example, in the past, you might see the serfs be in favor of an expansion in the power of the king as a way to counteract the misrule of their lords
there are many other factors involved of course, but so long as there is crisis and class society, this will be a relatively common pattern
this was known of course and there were attempts to manage this, the state structure of the United States is an example of this, whether it succeeded or not is up to you to decide